This is the first study to examine the inherited characteristics of social networks and to establish a genetic role in the formation and configuration of these networks. The research was conducted by Nicholas Christakis of Harvard, who is professor of sociology in the Faculty of Arts and Sciences and professor of medical sociology at Harvard Medical School, Christopher Dawes and James Fowler, both of UC San Diego. While it might be expected that genes affect personality, these findings go further, and illustrate a genetic influence on the structure and formation of an individual's social group. The researchers found that popularity, or the number of times an individual was named as a friend, and the likelihood that those friends know one another, were both strongly heritable. Additionally, location within the network, or the tendency to be at the center or on the edges of the group, was also genetically linked. However, the researchers were surprised to learn that the number of people named as a friend by an individual did not appear to be inherited.
Fowler, associate professor of political science at UC San Diego.
The study included national data (from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health) for the social networks of 1,110 adolescent twins, both fraternal and identical. The researchers compared the social networks of the identical twins to those of the fraternal twins, and found greater similarity between the identical twins' social network structure than the fraternal twins' networks. There may be an evolutionary explanation for this genetic influence and the tendency for some people to be at the center while others are at the edges of the group, according to the researchers. If a deadly germ is spreading through a community, individuals at the edges are least likely to be exposed. However, to gain access to important information about a food source, being in the center of the group has a distinct benefit. Fowler, associate professor of political science at UC San Diego. The findings also illuminate a previously unknown limitation of existing social network models, which had assumed that all members behave as interchangeable cogs.
FOR A NEW, COMPREHENSIVE COMPILATION OF THESE INSTRUCTIONS, CLICK HERE. Courts are increasingly becoming aware -- and wary -- of jurors using social media and other Internet tools to communicate to or from the courthouse during trial and / or deliberations. The goal of this post, which will be updated as developments warrant, is to compile these rules. A federal district court judge declared a mistrial in a complex drug prosecution after discovering that 10 of the 12 jurors had done independent Internet research on the case. U.S. v. Frank Hernandez, Crim. No. 07-60027 (S.D. Fla. In late January 2010 the U.S. Judicial Conference — which sets policies for all federal courts except the Supreme Court — sent all federal district judges suggested jury instructions on "juror use of electronic communication technologies" during trial. Some circuit courts already had included instructions on Internet use (see 9th Cir. Civ. J. Inst. 1.12 and 9th Cir.
Rev. Ariz. Jury Inst.
8th Cir. Model Civil Jury Inst. 1.05. For some reason, the model criminal instructions include the Internet only the "sixth" provision, and do not include to cell phone ban. 8th Cir. Model Crim. 9th Cir.: The Ninth Circuit was among the first federal appellate courts to have jury instructions on Internet use. 9th Cir. Civ. J. Inst. 9th Cir. Crim. J. Inst. 1.9 contains the same language. Arizona's civil jury instructions, last revised in 2005, includes only one reference to the Internet, in the jury admonition. The criminal instructions, updated in 2009, include a much more extensive discussion of juror use of the Internet and social media. Rev. Ariz. Jury Inst. Rev. Ariz. Jury Inst. California's Civil Jury Instruction 100 (pp. Do not post any information about the trial or your jury service on the Internet in any form. Do not send or accept any messages, including e-mail or text messages, to or from anyone concerning the trial or your service.
Social Media Or Social Media
Do not do any research on your own or as a group. Do not use dictionaries, the Internet, or other reference materials. Do not investigate the case or conduct any experiments. Do not share information about the case in writing, by email, or on the Internet. During the trial, do not read, listen to, or watch any news report or commentary about the case from any source. Do not do any research on your own or as a group. Do not use a dictionary, the Internet, or other reference materials. If you have a cell phone or other electronic device, keep it turned off while you are in the courtroom and during jury deliberations. An electronic device includes any data storage device. If someone needs to contact you in an emergency, the court can receive messages that it will deliver to you without delay. Crim. Jury Inst. 101 (p. In January 2008, a Superior Court judge held a juror who had blogged during trial in contempt.
But the judge did not impose a penalty after determining that the blogging did not result in an unfair trial. Colorado's Jury System Standing Committee is currently considering the adoption of rules regarding juror use of social media. See Minutes of Feb. 18, 2010 meeting. If you have a cell phone, pager or personal digital assistant, please turn it off while in the courtroom and during jury deliberations. Remember you are not allowed to communicate with anyone via any means about what is happening in the trial for the duration of the proceeding until a verdict is announced in court. Both the civil and criminal jury instructions in Connecticut -- which state judges may use, but are not required to use -- admonish jurors not to use the Internet during trial. You may not perform any investigations or research or experiments of any kind on your own, either individually or as a group.
You may not communicate to anyone any information about the case.
Do not look anything up on the Internet concerning information about the case or any of the people involved, including the parties, the witnesses, the lawyers, or the judge. The same thing is true of any media reports you may come across about the case or anybody connected with the case. You may not communicate to anyone any information about the case. This includes communication by any means, such as text messages, email, Internet chat rooms, blogs, and social websites like Facebook, MySpace, YouTube, or Twitter. Conn. If you have any thoughts with regards to where by and how to use Social Networking Sites Market Share Statistics, you can get in touch with us at our own internet site. Civ. Jury Inst. This language is duplicated in the criminal jury instructions. See Conn. Crim. Jury Inst. The instructions also include clear, concise explanations of the reasons behind the limits on use of social media. The Florida Supreme Court has joined the handful of other states that have officially changed their standard jury instructions to account for new technologies such as Twitter, Facebook and text messaging. The changes were first proposed by the court several months ago. In Re: Standard Jury Instructions (Civil) And (Criminal), Juror’s Use Of Electronic Devices, Case No. SC10-51 (Fla. After you are called to the courtroom, the judge will give you specific instructions about these matters.
A judge will tell you when you are released from this instruction. All of us are depending on you to follow these rules, so that there will be a fair and lawful resolution of every case. In January 2010, a Florida appeals court rejected a trial judge's restrictions on use of a laptop by a reporter for live blogging of a murder trial. See Morris Publ. Co. v. Florida, No. 1D10-226 (Fla. But the trial judge re-imposed the same restrictions, holding that the reporter's use of the laptop was a distraction. In March 2010, the Atlanta Journal-Constitution reported that the Georgia state courts were drafting jury instructions that will prohibit communicating about cases online, and discouraging jurors from doing independent online research. 500 for doing online research during a rape case. In 2009 the Hawaii Supreme Court amended its standard criminal jury instructions to specifically address juror use of the Internet and social media. 1. Do not talk to anyone, including your fellow jurors, friends or members of your family about anything having to do with this trial, except to speak to court staff.
New Social Media Outlets
This means that you must not discuss this case with anyone until the verdict is received or you are excused from jury service. No discussion also means no e-mailing, text messaging, tweeting, blogging or any other form of communication. 7. Do not research this case on your own or as a group by using a dictionary, encyclopedia, map or reference materials, including online or other electronic sources. You are not permitted to search the Internet, for example, using Google, or any other search engine or web site to look for information about this case or about the participants in the trial. 8. Do not share information, opinions or anything else about this case with others, personally or in writing, or through computers, cell phone messaging, personal electronic and media devices and other forms of wireless communications. This includes, for example, communication about this case through e-mail, instant messaging, tweeting, text messaging, or using the Internet in any way. Also, do not post or look at information about this case on a blog, forum, social network site, chat room, discussion board or any other web site.
News Social Network
9. If you have a cell phone or other electronic device, keep it turned off while you are in the courtroom. In December 2010, the Idaho Supreme Court's Media/Courts Committee began considering use of new telecommunications devices in the state's courtrooms. Neither Idaho's civil nor criminal jury instructions currently mention the Internet or social media, although the state's Handbook for Jurors states that jurors"may not discuss the case with anyone during the course of the trial" (para. Most members of the Media/Courts Committee apparently agree that webcams and cell phone cameras are covered by Idaho Court Administrative Rule 45, which sets out the rules for audio and visual coverage of court proceedings in the state. Indiana has amended its jury instructions, effective July 1, 2010, banning juror use of electronic devices. Internet chat rooms, blogs, or social websites. Ind. Jury Rule 20(b) (eff. The court shall instruct the bailiff to collect and store all computers, cell phones or other electronic communication devices from jurors upon commencing deliberations. The court may authorize appropriate communications (i.e. arranging for transportation, childcare, etc.) that are not related to the case and may require such communications to be monitored by the bailiff.
Facebook Social Media
Such devices shall be returned upon completion of deliberations or when the court permits separation during deliberations. Courts that prohibit such devices in the courthouse are not required to provide this instruction. All courts shall still admonish jurors regarding the limitations associated with the use of such devices if jurors are permitted to separate during deliberations. Ind. Jury R. 26(b) (eff. The Indiana Supreme Court adopted the new rules after it considered a case in which a juror took a cell phone call during deliberations. Ms. Henri presented her claim of error due to the juror's cell phone use in her motion to correct error. On appeal, Ms. Henri has not established that the alleged receipt of a cell phone call with the apparent approval of the bailiff constituted misconduct, and has shown neither gross misconduct nor probable harm. Reversal and a new trial are not warranted on this issue. We additionally observe that permitting jurors, other trial participants, and observers to retain or access mobile telephones or other electronic communication devices, while undoubtedly often helpful and convenient, is fraught with significant potential problems impacting the fair administration of justice.
These include the disclosure of confidential proceedings or deliberations; a juror's receiving improper information or otherwise being influenced; and a witness's or juror's distraction or preoccupation with family, employment, school, or business concerns. These and other detrimental factors are magnified due to swift advances in technology that may enable a cell phone user to engage in text messaging, social networking, web access, voice re-cording, and photo and video camera capabilities, among others. The best practice is for trial courts to discourage, restrict, prohibit, or prevent access to mobile electronic communication de-vices by all persons except officers of the court during all trial proceedings, and particularly by jurors during jury deliberation. Henri v. Curto, No. 49S02-0812-CV-641,slip op. 6-7, 908 N.E.2d 196 (Ind. The Maryland Court of Special Appeals has reversed two jury verdicts because of social media use by jurors during trial. 440 (Md. Ct. Special App. Internet research required a reversal.
A different three-judge panel of the same court reached the same conclusion in Allan Jake Clark v. State of Maryland, No. No. 0953/08 (Md. The November 2009 corruption trial of Baltimore mayor Sheila Dixon in Baltimore Circuit Court was covered by several bloggers and Tweeters. Once Dixon was convicted, she initially asked for a new trial because five jurors had become friends and discussed the case on Facebook. Dixon then reached a plea agreement that included her resignation. While you are in the courtroom and while you are deliberating, you are prohibited altogether from using a computer, cellular telephone, or any other electronic device capable of making communications. You may use these devices during recesses, but even then you may not use them to obtain or disclose the kind of information I will describe next. You must not do any investigations on your own or conduct any experiments of any kind.
In re Revisions to Mai-Civil, 2009 Mo.
This includes using the Internet for any purpose regarding this case. Mich. Civ. J. Inst. 250 fine and to write an essay about the constitutional right to a fair trial. Your decision must be based only on the evidence presented to you in the proceedings in this courtroom. You should not conduct your own research or investigation into any issues in this case. You should not visit the scene of any of the incidents described in this case. You should not conduct any independent research of any type by reference to textbooks, dictionaries, magazines, the use of the Internet or any other means. Mo. Amend. Inst. Civil No. 2.01, as modified in In re Revisions to Mai-Civil, (Mo. In re Revisions to Mai-Civil, 2009 Mo. LEXIS 544, The 20 Best New Social Media Tools to Try in 5-6 (Mo. According to this Grand Island Independent article, many judges are extending Nebraska's general prohibition on broadcasting of trial court proceedings to new technologies such as cell phones. See Neb. Sup. Ct. Rule § 2-118. But some trial courts in Nebraska have adopted rules allowing camera coverage of proceedings under an "expanded media coverage" pilot program. In State of New Jersey v. Scott, 2009 N.J. Super. Unpub. LEXIS 1901 (N.J. Superior Court of New Jersey, Appellate Division, reversed the convictions of three cousins on aggravated manslaughter charges because of a juror's apparent Internet research. But in Carino v. Muenzen, 2010 WL 3448071 (N.J.Super.A.D. I just didn't feel like I really knew him.
If you know of other fitness social sites, please leave a comment and I will add it to the list.
With so many people dedicated to fitness, it would make sense that there are social networking sites for the fitness and health minded. The fitness and weight loss community (including people at the gym and weight loss bloggers) are generally there to help others on their journey to losing weight, being fit and living a healthy lifestyle. As with any social network, its best to sign up and give it a chance to see where you feel most comfortable. Not every site is for everyone, and I would bet that if you gave them a chance you will find a site that will help you achieve your goals. Please leave a comment about your experience with any of these sites. If you know of other fitness social sites, please leave a comment and I will add it to the list. Physical fitness enables you to do your routine work linearly with the set timetable. Each and every day, you make time to engage in routine activities such as eating, drinking, bathing and so on., why not incorporate fitness exercises and training sessions within your every day life.
Businesses can use social media networks to enhance their experience at trade show exhibits. By embracing technology, using live audience polling, determining the best social media sites to use, and finding the right technology, they will be more successful. Social media has taken over the world in which we live and revolutionized the way individuals and businesses communicate. It can be effectively used at trade show exhibits to enable companies to better demonstrate their products and services and help attendees be aware of special events, drawings, or games at their trade show booths. The following are a few tips from experts on how to best use these new networks to enhance your event experience. In this age of digital networking, it would be detrimental for businesses to refrain from participating. Sitting on the sidelines of social media is not an option. It is crucial for companies taking part in trade show exhibits to make technology a part of their everyday life.
Topic title: 4 Tips For Using Social Platform Definition To Leave Your Competition In The Dust
Topic covered: latest news of social media, social media examiner, social media expert, social media marketing software, what is social content
